北宋时期,茶叶逐渐成为西北吐蕃人饮食文化中不可或缺之物。西北吐蕃人的饮茶习俗的形成与茶马贸易的发展是相伴而生,彼此促动的。宋初,茶叶并不是宋人最主要的市马物资,饮茶还只限于吐蕃部落上层。熙河之役后,宋廷在四川榷茶,专以川茶博马,并设“茶马司”专司其事,因而流入西北吐蕃部落的茶叶大增,西北吐蕃人的饮茶习俗最终形成。茶马贸易对北宋与西北吐蕃部落来说,是各取所需、相互受益的经济交往方式。西北吐蕃人饮茶习俗的形成既是宋廷推行以茶叶“羁縻”蕃部政策的结果,也是西北吐蕃人在经济方面对北宋形成依赖的表现,对其自身适应高寒草原生活亦发挥了不可低估的作用。 During the Northern Song Dynasty, tea gradually became an integral part of the diet culture of Tibetan people in the northwest. The formation of tea custom in the northwestern Tibetan people is accompanied by the development of the tea-horse trade and promotes each other. Early Song Dynasty, tea is not the main city of Song material, tea is also limited to the upper tribe of Tubo. After the battle of Heihe, Song Ting tea in Sichuan, specializing in Sichuan Boma, and set up “Ma Masters” solemnly, so the influx of tea in the tribal northwestern Tibet greatly increased, the Northwest Tibetan tea The custom is finally formed. Tea horse trade for the Northern Song Dynasty and tribal northwestern tribe, is to take the desired and mutually beneficial economic exchanges. The formation of the drinking custom of the Tubo people in the northwest is not only the result of the “policy of tea” in Songting promoted by the “imperial court” of the Song Dynasty but also the economic dependence of the northwestern Tibetan people on the Northern Song Dynasty, and their own adaptation to alpine grassland life Undervalued role.