在国务院推动下,1984年开始,交通部直属港口进行了管理体制改革,除个别港口外,交通部直属港口均下放给当地政府管理,实行部、市双重领导,以市为主的管理体制。财务上实行“以收抵支、以港养港”的制度,扩大了港口企业的经营自主权。但是港口下放 Under the impetus of the State Council, beginning in 1984, the Ministry of Communications directly under the port carried out the management system reform. Except for individual ports, ports directly under the Ministry of Communications were delegated to local government administrations and implemented a dual-led and city-based management system at the ministries and municipalities. The financial implementation of the system of “receiving income by payment and relying on Hong Kong for harboring” has expanded the operating autonomy of the port enterprises. But the port decentralized