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本文基于权威语料,聚焦考察英汉“名形式”语义认知理据,并加以阐释。研究发现,两者共性与个性并存。共性体现在:次类众多,源于范畴化,生成机制以隐喻为主,转喻、隐喻和转喻共同生成及概念整合为辅,最后为隐喻和概念整合共同生成。名词的域具有选择共性。个性体现在:认知理据上存在差异,隐喻、转喻、隐喻和转喻共同生成、隐喻和概念整合共同生成四方面,英语“名形式”比例大于汉语;概念整合相反。生成机制级阶不同;名词域的选择有差异;对应词生成机制不完全相同;对名词参照物的选择有文化差异。
Based on the authoritative corpus, this article focuses on the semantic cognitive motivation of “name form” in English and Chinese and expounds it. The study found that both commonalities and individualities coexist. Commonness manifests itself in the following categories: the subcategories are numerous and originate from categorization; the generating mechanism is dominated by metaphor; metonymy, metaphor and metonymy are co-generated and conceptual connotation is supplemented; and metaphor and conceptual integration are finally formed together. Noun domain has the choice of commonality. Personality includes: there are differences in cognitive motivation, metaphor, metonymy, metaphor and metonymy co-generated, metaphor and conceptual integration co-generated four aspects, the English “name form ” than Chinese; the concept of the contrary. The level of generation mechanism is different; the choice of noun domain is different; the formation mechanism of corresponding words is not exactly the same; there are cultural differences in the choice of noun reference objects.