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目的探讨运动致牙外伤发生的规律以及影响其预后的因素。方法回顾分析2005—2009年在北京大学深圳医院就诊的因运动致牙外伤的945例患者相关资料,对运动中牙外伤发生原因、地点、年龄、性别、牙位、类型、时间、季节、牙外伤就诊时间、牙根发育状况与其预后之间的关系加以分析,并提出相关预防措施。结果运动致牙外伤的高发年龄段为20～30岁;男性明显高于女性;夏秋季节高于春冬季节;受伤原因以运动中碰撞或跌倒最为多见。最易受伤的牙位是上颌中切牙,以半脱位最为多见。外伤发生后24h内就诊的年轻恒牙预后较好。结论运动致牙外伤发生存在一定的规律,外伤后就诊时间是影响外伤牙预后的因素之一,使用护牙托可以降低运动致牙外伤的发生率。
Objective To investigate the regularity of tooth trauma caused by exercise and the factors affecting its prognosis. Methods The data of 945 patients with traumatic injury caused by exercise during 2005-2009 in Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University were analyzed retrospectively. The causes, location, age, sex, tooth position, type, time, season, teeth Trauma treatment time, the relationship between root development status and its prognosis were analyzed, and put forward relevant preventive measures. Results The highest incidence of dental trauma caused by exercise was 20-30 years old; the male was significantly higher than the female; the summer and autumn were higher than those in the spring and winter; the most common cause of injury was collision or fall during exercise. The most vulnerable tooth is the maxillary incisor, the most common subluxation. The prognosis of young permanent teeth treated within 24 hours after injury is good. Conclusion There is a certain regularity of traumatic tooth injury caused by exercise. The traumatic time after trauma is one of the factors affecting the prognosis of traumatic tooth. The use of dental brackets can reduce the incidence of traumatic tooth injury.