高钾血症是慢性肾衰尿毒症期非透析治疗患者的常见并发症和主要致死原因,已经引起临床医生的足够重视。然而近年发现规律透析治疗的尿毒症患者也可出现高钾血症,并严重威胁维持性血透患者的生命。本文报告3例维持性血透患者并发高钾血症,并结合文献进行讨论。 Hyperkalemia is a common complication and the main cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure uremic non-dialysis treatment, which has attracted enough attention of clinicians. However, in recent years, regular dialysis treatment of uremic patients may also appear hyperkalemia, and a serious threat to the maintenance of hemodialysis patients with life. This article reports 3 cases of patients with maintenance hemodialysis complicated with hyperkalemia, and the literature to discuss.