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从82年秋开始使用的“初中化学”课本中增加了“碳”一章,现就几个教学问题谈几点浅见。关于第一节学生对许多化学概念的理解,都是随其知识范围的不断扩大而逐步深化的。元素、单质是学生很容易混淆的两个概念,对它们的理解更是如此。在本章,要借助于同素异形现象的教学,加深学生对于上述两个概念之间的联系和区别的认识。要使学生了解到:单质是由同种元素组成的,同种元素不仅能够组成一种单质,而且能够组成多种单质(因而在第一章的单质定义中改编本增加了“纯净物”三字),说明元素和单质是完全不同的概念。如果打个比喻,可以说,元素是构成物质的材
The chapter “Carbon” has been added to the “Junior Chemistry” textbooks that have been used since the autumn of ’82. Several points are now discussed. Regarding the first section students’ understanding of many chemical concepts, they gradually deepened as their scope of knowledge continued to expand. Elementality and simpleness are two concepts that students can easily confuse, and their understanding is even more so. In this chapter, we must use the teaching of allometric phenomena to deepen students’ understanding of the connections and differences between the above two concepts. To make students understand that elementality is composed of the same elements, the same elements can not only constitute a single substance, but also can form a variety of simple substances (therefore the adaptation of the original in the definition of the quality of the first chapter increases the “Three-character” indicates that the element and the element are completely different concepts. If you make a metaphor, you can say that the element is the material that makes up matter