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目的对肺结核合并糖尿病患者特征进行分析,为疾病防治提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,将115例肺结核合并糖尿病患者作为研究组,其余1 297例肺结核患者作为对照组,对其人口学特征、流行病学特征及临床特征进行分析。结果男女两病合并患病比例分别为7.19%、10.57%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.37,P=0.037);40岁以上年龄组与40岁以下年龄组的两病合并患病比例为14.74%、1.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=67.06,P=0.000);研究组与对照组痰结核菌涂片阳性率分别为52.17%、30.60%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=22.44,P=0.000);而两组对象在患者来源及发现及时性上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论医务人员在实际工作中应高度警惕结核病及糖尿病两病在女性老年人群中的发生,以确保患者得以早期发现及治疗。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis complicated with diabetes and provide reference for disease prevention and treatment. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 115 cases of tuberculosis with diabetes mellitus as study group and the other 1,297 cases of tuberculosis as control group. The demographic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics and clinical features were analyzed. Results The prevalence rates of both diseases were 7.19% and 10.57%, respectively, with significant difference (χ2 = 4.37, P = 0.037). The prevalence of the two diseases in the age group over 40 years and the age group below 40 years old was (Χ2 = 67.06, P = 0.000). The positive rates of sputum TB smear in study group and control group were 52.17% and 30.60%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ2 = 22.44 , P = 0.000). There was no significant difference in the origin and timeliness of the two groups of patients (P> 0.05). Conclusion Medical staff should be highly vigilant in the actual work of tuberculosis and diabetes in the elderly population in order to ensure that patients can be detected and treated early.