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著名的德国社会学家乌尔里希·贝克将后现代社会理解为风险社会。其主要特征在于:人类面临着威胁其生存的由社会所制造的风险。同时,他依据不同社会的类型概括出三类风险:第一类是前工业社会的风险,是自然力的作用,如地震、传染病等;第二类是工业社会的风险,是资本原始社会的结架,如安全事故、劳资矛盾、两极分化、失业、腐败等;第三类是工业社会晚期的风险,是科技进步的产物,如环境污染、生态恶化、核技术威胁等等。
The famous German sociologist Ulrich Beck understands postmodern society as a risk society. Its main feature is that humans face the socially-created risks that threaten their survival. At the same time, he summarized three types of risks according to different social types: the first is the risk of pre-industrial society, the function of natural forces, such as earthquakes, infectious diseases, etc. The second category is the risk of industrial society and the capital of the primitive society The third category is the risk of late industrial society, and is the product of scientific and technological progress, such as environmental pollution, ecological deterioration, the threat of nuclear technology and so on.