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按TRIPS第27条第3款(b)项的规定,WTO成员方可以不对植物、动物和本质上属于生物技术的方法授予专利,但应对微生物、采用非生物技术或微生物技术生产动植物的方法授予专利;同时,应通过专利或某种有效的特别制度对植物新品种提供保护。这项规定引起了广泛的争议,并因而至今无法执行。本文将对引起争议的地方予以讨论,并介绍对植物新品种保护的几种不同方法。
According to Article 27 (3) (b) of TRIPS, WTO members may not grant patents on plants, animals and biotechnological methods, but should use microorganism, non-biotechnological or microbiological techniques to produce animals and plants Patents granted; at the same time, new varieties of plants should be protected through patents or some special and effective system. This provision has aroused widespread controversy and has thus far failed to be implemented. This article will discuss the controversial areas and introduce several different approaches to the protection of new plant varieties.