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目的探讨影响血水草生物碱(ECA)实验室和现场灭螺效果的相关因素。方法在实验室配置不同浓度的ECA溶液,20、25、30℃浸泡钉螺,观察浸泡24、48、72、96h钉螺死亡率;同时在现场观察不同浓度ECA在不同时间的浸泡灭螺效果。结果实验室浸泡灭螺试验结果显示,在不同浓度、时间和温度下钉螺死亡率有明显差异(P<0.01);在温度为30℃、浓度为1.25mg/L,或温度为25℃、浓度为2.5、5、10mg/L时,浸泡72h钉螺死亡率达100%。现场灭螺试验结果显示,在水温为26～28℃,浓度为10mg/L和20mg/L时,浸泡72h钉螺死亡率分别为84%和92%。logistic回归分析显示,浓度、作用时间及温度均为ECA灭螺效果的影响因素。结论影响ECA灭螺效果的因素包括浓度、温度和作用时间;随着浓度增加和浸泡时间的延长,灭螺效果增强。
Objective To investigate the related factors that affect the alkaloid (ECA) concentration in the laboratory and the field snail control. Methods Different concentrations of ECA solution were prepared in the laboratory, soaking snails at 20, 25, 30 ℃ for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. The mortality of snails at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after soaking was observed. Results The soaking snails in laboratory showed that the mortality of snails was significantly different at different concentrations, time and temperature (P <0.01). At the temperature of 30 ℃, the concentration of 1.25 mg / L or the temperature of 25 ℃, At 2.5, 5, 10 mg / L, the mortality rate of snails was 100% at 72h. Oncomelania hupensis test results showed that the mortality rates of snails at 72h were 84% and 92% respectively when the water temperature was 26-28 ℃ and the concentration was 10mg / L and 20mg / L. Logistic regression analysis showed that the concentration, duration of action and temperature were the influencing factors of ECA killing effect. Conclusion The factors affecting the ECM effect on snail elimination include concentration, temperature and duration of action. With the increase of concentration and soaking time, the snail-killing effect is enhanced.