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中外现存《史记》古写本数量可观,近百年来《史记》写本研究分为写本的著录、校勘以及传播研究三个阶段。即上世纪三十年代之前为第一阶段,主要是著录、影印新材料而不及细考。从上世纪三十年代到上世纪末为第二阶段,学者开始比勘写本文字,研究文本特征,并试图构建传本谱系。本世纪初以降为第三阶段,研究者尝试新的研究思路,较为注意写本本身的文献特征。检视《史记》古写本的相关研究,有助于我们反思传统文本研究的不足,继续推进写本研究。
There are a large number of ancient Chinese and foreign excerpts of the “Historical Records”. The study of the “Historical Records” in the past century has been divided into three stages: writing, collation and dissemination. That is, before the thirties of the last century as the first phase, mainly recording, photocopying new materials rather than detailed examination. From the thirties of the last century to the end of the last century as the second phase, scholars began to study the text features more than writing the text, and attempted to construct the genealogy. The beginning of this century to reduce the third phase, researchers try new research ideas, more attention to the characteristics of the literature itself. Examining the related research of ancient records in Records of the Historian helps us to reflect on the shortcomings of the research on traditional texts and continue to promote the study of this text.