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目的总结甲状舌管囊肿(TDC)的声像图特征,探讨超声对TDC及甲状舌管癌(TDCa)的诊断价值。方法回顾性总结经病理证实的199例甲状舌管病变患者的超声资料,分析甲状舌管良恶性病变的声像图特征并进行分型。结果甲状舌管病变超声均表现为舌根与胸骨上窝之间的囊性包块,可分为四型:典型囊肿型175例,部分内可见带状分隔,后方回声增强,CDFI示囊内未见血流信号;混合回声型21例,壁厚毛糙,周围软组织回声增强,CDFI示壁上及周边血流信号增多;瘘管型2例,于囊肿深面走行一条细长迂曲的无回声窦道延伸至舌骨后方;囊肿恶变型1例,囊壁上见高回声结节并内簇状分布的点状钙化,伴颈部淋巴结转移并向周边组织侵犯,CDFI示结节内可见血流信号。结论超声可以清晰显示TDC及瘘管形成等特殊表现,是诊断TDC的首选方法,认识不同的声像图表现有助于鉴别TDC和TDCa。
Objective To summarize the sonographic features of thyrotoxic cyst (TDC) and investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in TDC and carcinoma of the tongue. Methods The clinical data of 199 patients with thyrotoxicosis proved by pathology were retrospectively reviewed. The sonographic features of benign and malignant thyroid tongue were analyzed and classified. Results The thyroglopsis lesions showed cystic mass between the base of the tongue and suprasternal fossa, which could be divided into four types: 175 cases of typical cyst type, band separation in part, enhancement of posterior echo, CDFI See the blood flow signal; mixed echogenic 21 cases, rough wall thickness, increased surrounding soft tissue echo, CDFI showed increased wall and peripheral blood flow signal; fistula type 2 cases, deep in the cyst running a slender tortuous anechoic sinus Extending to the posterior hyoid bone; malignant cyst in 1 case, see the cystic wall in the echo-like nodules and the distribution within the tufted dot-like calcification, with cervical lymph node metastasis and the surrounding tissue violations, CDFI showed nodules visible blood flow signal . Conclusion Ultrasound can clearly show the TDC and fistula formation and other special performance is the preferred method of diagnosis of TDC, understanding of the different sonographic findings help identify TDC and TDCa.