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[目的/意义]学科体系内部的知识发展以及信息技术的突破与应用,使得科学计量学的数据对象日益充盈丰富。在科学计量学呈现出迅猛发展态势的情况下,辨析科学计量学的数据对象,对科学计量学进行方法论的梳理显得尤为重要。[方法 /过程]根据科学计量学数据本身的特点及用途,将数据对象分为发文数据、引用数据、使用数据和替代计量数据四种类型,并分别探讨四大数据对象的研究意义和相互关系,梳理科学计量学的研究方法,总结研究成果。[结果 /结论]在综合整理分析四大数据对象内涵、方法和意义的基础上构建出科学计量学从数据对象、研究方法到目的用途的整合分析框架,有利于科学计量学研究工作的规范化和科学化。
[Purpose / Significance] Knowledge development within the disciplinary system and the breakthrough and application of information technology make the data objects of scientometrics more and more abundant. In the case of the rapid development of science in metrology, distinguishing the data object of scientometrics and combing the methodology of scientometrics is particularly important. [Methods / Processes] According to the characteristics and applications of sci-fi data itself, the data objects are divided into four types: dispatch data, reference data, usage data and alternative measurement data, and the significance and relationship of the four data objects , Combing the scientific research methods of measurement, summarize the research results. [Result / Conclusion] On the basis of comprehensive analysis and analysis of the connotation, methods and significance of the four data objects, this paper constructs an integrated analytical framework of scientific metrology from data objects, research methods and purposes, which is conducive to the standardization of scientific research in metrology Scientific.