The reasons for bringing surface accuracy error in ultra-precision grinding ceramic ball joint were analyzed,and the influences wheel position error and shaft run-out error on the ball joint surface accuracy were discussed.Through establishing three-dimensional grinding model,the mathematical relationship between the position error and surface accuracy was derived,and the distance from any point on spherical surface to the ideal center was calculated when position error existed,and a precise surface shape was got,and theoretical support was provided to improve the surface accuracy during the grinding process.Using self-developed ultraprecision grinding machine to do the ceramic ball grinding experiment,the surface accuracy PV value of ceramic spherical joint is 4.8μm. The reasons for bringing surface accuracy error in ultra-precision grinding ceramic ball joint were analyzed, and the influences wheel position error and shaft run-out error on the ball joint surface accuracy were discussed.Through establishing three-dimensional grinding model, the mathematical relationship between the position error and surface accuracy was derived, and the distance from any point on spherical surface to the ideal center was calculated when position error existed, and a precise surface shape was got, and theoretical support was provided to improve the surface accuracy during the grinding process. Using self-developed ultraprecision grinding machine to do the ceramic ball grinding experiment, the surface accuracy PV value of ceramic spherical joint is 4.8 μm.