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缺铁状态与缺铁性贫血是一种多发病。铁为造血与维持组织细胞功能所必需,故缺铁的临床表现可分为贫血缺氧性与组织细胞缺铁性两大类。实验室诊断常分3期:第1期为铁贮缺乏;第2期为缺铁性红细胞生成;第3期为缺铁性贫血。结合分析上述各期的检验指标,有助于提高对缺铁状态与缺铁性贫血的检出率。预防应着重进食含铁量丰富且较易吸收的饮食与铁强化饮食。治疗仍以硫酸亚铁为首选,胃肠难以耐受者,可应用铁的控制性释放型。叶酸能影响铁的吸收。
Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia is a frequently-occurring disease. Iron for hematopoietic and tissue cells to maintain the necessary functions, so the clinical manifestations of iron deficiency can be divided into anemia and hypoxia tissue cells in two categories. Laboratory diagnosis is often divided into three phases: the first period is lack of iron storage; the second period is iron-deficiency erythropoiesis; the third period is iron deficiency anemia. Combined analysis of the above indicators of the inspection, help to improve the detection rate of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Prevention should focus on eating iron-rich and more easily absorbed diet and iron-fortified diet. Treatment is still the first choice of ferrous sulfate, gastrointestinal intolerance, controlled release of iron can be applied. Folic acid can affect iron absorption.