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目的了解新兵成人依恋与父母教养方式的特点,以及两者之间的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样法对某部1962名男性新兵进行调查。运用成人依恋量表(adult attachment scale,AAS)和父母教养方式评价量表(Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran,EMBU)评估新兵成人依恋和父母教养方式。结果父母亲偏爱被试的得分与依恋亲近、依恋依赖得分无统计学相关(r=0.009,0.001,P>0.05),其他父母教养方式得分与依恋亲近、依恋依赖和依恋焦虑得分均有统计学相关(r=-0.305~0.336,P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示,母亲的情感温暖与理解,父亲的拒绝否认、过分保护、情感温暖与理解进入依恋亲近的回归方程,可解释其总变异的13.9%(F=76.957,P<0.001);母亲的惩罚严厉,父亲的拒绝否认、过分保护、情感温暖与理解进入依恋依赖的回归方程,可解释其总变异的9.7%(F=51.138,P<0.001);母亲的情感温暖与理解、拒绝否认、偏爱被试、过分干涉与过分保护,父亲的拒绝否认、过分保护、情感温暖与理解可共同解释依恋焦虑总变异的19.3%(F=65.429,P<0.001)。结论父母教养方式对新兵成人依恋有一定预测作用。
Objective To understand the characteristics of adults attachment and parental rearing patterns and their relationship. Methods A total of 1962 male recruits in a certain department were investigated by cluster random sampling. The Adult Attachment Scale (AAS) and the Egna Minna av Barndoms Uppfostran (EMBU) were used to evaluate adult attachment and parental rearing patterns. Results There was no significant correlation between parents’ preference for attachment and their attachments (r = 0.009, 0.001, P> 0.05). Other parental rearing style scores were closely related to attachment, attachment dependence and attachment anxiety scores were statistically significant (R = -0.305 ~ 0.336, P <0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that 13.9% of the total variance (F = 76.957, P <0.001) explained that the mother’s emotional warmth and understanding, father’s refusal to denial, overprotection, emotional warmth and understanding went into the regression equation of close attachment. ; Mother’s severe punishment, father’s denial of denial, over-protection, emotional warmth and understanding into dependence regression equation, explain its total variation of 9.7% (F = 51.138, P <0.001); mother’s emotional warmth and understanding, Refusing to deny, preference for subjects, excessive interference and excessive protection, father’s refusal to deny that over-protection, emotional warmth and understanding can together explain 19.3% of the total variation of attachment anxiety (F = 65.429, P <0.001). Conclusion Parental rearing has certain predictive effect on adult attachment of recruits.