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为研究梨主栽品种主要品质性状和分布规律,以19个试验站40个梨主栽品种66个样品为试材,测定果实单果重、固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C、石细胞和可滴定酸的含量;应用模糊数学的方法,进行6个因子的模糊评判,并对性状分布规律进行了分析。结果表明,供试梨果可分为8类,品质最优的第1类有杨凌的雪花梨,贵阳的大黄梨,延边的苹博香,郑州的黄金梨,延边的南果梨。所有梨果单果重、固形物、可溶性糖、维生素C、石细胞、可滴定酸的平均测定数值分别为256.80 g、12.11%、8.80%、10.24 mg·kg-1、0.55%、0.27%;变化范围为47.53～684.51 g、6.76%～16.05%、8.01%～10.79%、4.90～25.80 mg·kg-1、0.03%～1.61%和0.09%～1.32%。主要研究结果揭示了梨主栽品种品质现状。
In order to study the main quality traits and distribution of pear cultivars, 66 samples of 40 pear cultivars from 19 experimental stations were used as materials to determine the fruit weight, solid content, soluble sugar, vitamin C, stone cells and titratable Acid content; using fuzzy mathematics method, fuzzy evaluation of six factors, and traits of the distribution of traits were analyzed. The results showed that the tested pears could be divided into 8 categories. The first category with the best quality was the snowflake of Yangling, the rhubarb pear of Guiyang, the apple blossom of Yanbian, the yellow pear of Zhengzhou, and the south fruit pear of Yanbian. The average measured values of single fruit weight, solid, soluble sugar, vitamin C, stone cells and titratable acid were 256.80 g, 12.11%, 8.80%, 10.24 mg · kg-1, 0.55% and 0.27% The ranges were 47.53 ~ 684.51 g, 6.76% ~ 16.05%, 8.01% ~ 10.79%, 4.90 ~ 25.80 mg · kg-1, 0.03% ~ 1.61% and 0.09% ~ 1.32%, respectively. The main findings revealed the quality status of pear cultivars.