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在马克思之前,英、法古典经济学,特别是李嘉图,已经对资本主义社会有机体进行过始初的科学分析,其研究的积极成果,作为人类文化的优秀遗产的一部分,已被马克思批判地继承下来了。整个古典经济学面对的是幼年的资本主义有机体,其结构比较简单,英国古典经济学的代表人物,甚至没有经历过1825年开始的近代的周期危机;而马克思所面对的却是经历过1825、1836、1847、1857年几次周期危机的成年的资本主义有机体,其结构已经变得越来越复杂。周期危机是资本主义已经成熟起来的一个重要的标志,被研究的客体(或对象物)既
Prior to Marx, English and French classical economics, especially Ricardo, had conducted an initial scientific analysis of the organism of capitalist society. The positive results of its research, as part of the outstanding legacy of human culture, have been critically inherited by Marx Down The entire classical economy confronts the juvenile capitalist organism. Its structure is relatively simple. The representative of classical economics in Britain did not even experience the modern cyclical crisis that began in 1825; Marx faced the same problem The structure of the adult capitalist organism has become more and more complex in the cycle crises of 1825, 1836, 1847 and 1857. The cyclical crisis is an important symbol of the maturity of capitalism. The object (or object) studied is both