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目的:了解潍坊地区急性呼吸道感染患儿副流感病毒(PIV)感染状况及特点。方法:收集2010年10月至2012年11月在潍坊医学院附属医院儿科住院的急性呼吸道感染患儿358例,用直接免疫荧光法对患儿鼻咽分泌物标本进行7种常见呼吸道病毒抗原检测,结合临床分析其结果。结果:(1)358例患儿标本中,病毒检测阳性180例(50.3%),其中PIV 120例(120/180,66.7%),包括PIV1 36例(36/180,20.0%),PIV2 32例(32/180,17.8%),PIV3 14例(14/180,7.8%),PIV合并其他病毒38例(38/180,21.1%)。(2)PIV1、PIV3在急性上呼吸道感染与下呼吸道感染的检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PIV2、PIV合并其他病毒在急性上、下呼吸道感染检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)各年龄组间PIV各亚型感染比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.0,P<0.05)。(4)不同季节PIV各亚型感染检出率组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.4,P<0.05),冬春季节检出率较高。结论:PIV在潍坊地区急性呼吸道感染患儿有较高的检出率(33.52%),其中PIV1为优势流行病毒;感染高峰在冬春季节,感染患儿以3岁以下多见;PIV1主要以上呼吸道感染为主,PIV3以急性下呼吸道感染为主。
Objective: To understand the status and characteristics of parainfluenza virus (PIV) infection in children with acute respiratory infection in Weifang. Methods: A total of 358 children with acute respiratory infection who were hospitalized in pediatric department of Weifang Medical College Affiliated Hospital from October 2010 to November 2012 were collected. Seven kinds of common respiratory virus antigens were detected by direct immunofluorescence in children with nasopharyngeal secretions , Combined with clinical analysis of the results. Results: (1) Of the 358 children, 180 (50.3%) were positive for the virus, of which 120 (120/180, 66.7%) had PIV, including 36 of PIV1 (32/180, 17.8%), 14 cases (14/180, 7.8%) of PIV3 and 38 cases (38/180, 21.1%) of PIV with other viruses. (2) There was significant difference in the detection rate of PIV1 and PIV3 between acute upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of acute upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection of PIV2 and PIV among other viruses Statistical significance (P> 0.05). (3) There were significant differences in infection of PIV subtypes among all age groups (χ2 = 14.0, P <0.05). (4) There were significant differences in the detection rates of PIV subtypes in different seasons (χ2 = 10.4, P <0.05), and the detection rate was higher in winter and spring. Conclusions: PIV has a high detection rate (33.52%) in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Weifang. Among them, PIV1 is the predominant epidemic virus. In winter and spring, the prevalence of PIV is more common in children under 3 years of age. PIV1 mainly Respiratory tract infections, PIV3 mainly to lower respiratory tract infection.