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对广东省３９０例肺癌作１：１病例对照研究，比较不同性别、不同病理类型肺癌的危险因素。女性肺癌的流行特征、病理类型、危险因素与男性肺癌不尽相同。２９１例男性肺癌以肺鳞癌多见（鳞癌：腺癌＝１：０．５），９９例女性肺癌以肺腺癌为主（鳞癌：腺癌＝１：２．７）；女性肺癌诊断时年龄明显比男性小（Ｐ＜０．０００１）。单因素Ｌａｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析发现，家族肿瘤史、家族肺癌史、慢支／肺气肿病史、肺结核史、其他肺疾患病史、吸烟、家庭被动吸烟、工作环境被动吸烟、职业司机、口服避孕药和吃酸咸菜等因素与肺癌有关（Ｐ＜０．０５）；多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析的结果显示肺结核史、慢支／肺气肿病史、家族肿瘤史、吸烟、家庭被动吸烟、工作场所被动吸烟和吃酸咸菜是肺癌独立的危险因素；对数线性模型分析证实，肺癌与慢支／肺气肿病史、被动吸烟、肺结核史、吸烟有显著的交互作用。只有１／５的女性肺癌患者有吸烟史，但９３％的女性肺癌有被动吸烟史，被动吸烟是女性肺癌的重要危险因素之一。家族肺癌史和口服避孕药与女性肺癌存在着一定程度的关联。肺腺癌除了与慢支／肺气肿病史有微弱联系外，与其他危险因素的关系尚未被证实。
A 1:1 case-control study of 390 patients with lung cancer in Guangdong Province was conducted to compare risk factors for lung cancer of different genders and different pathological types. The prevalence, pathological types, and risk factors of female lung cancer are not the same as those of male lung cancer. 291 male lung cancers were more common in lung squamous cell carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma: adenocarcinoma=1:0.5), 99 lung cancers were female lung adenocarcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma: adenocarcinoma=1:2.7); female lung cancer The age at diagnosis was significantly smaller than that of men (P<0.0001). Univariate Lagistic regression analysis found that family history of cancer, family history of lung cancer, history of chronic bronchitis/emphysema, history of tuberculosis, history of other lung diseases, smoking, passive smoking in the family, passive work environment smoking, professional drivers, oral contraceptives, and eating Acid pickles and other factors were associated with lung cancer (P<0.05); Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed history of pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic bronchitis/emphysema, family history of oncology, smoking, passive smoking in the family, passive smoking in the workplace, and eating Pickle is an independent risk factor for lung cancer; log-linear model analysis confirmed that lung cancer has a significant interaction with chronic bronchitis/emphysema, passive smoking, history of tuberculosis, and smoking. Only 1/5 of women with lung cancer have a history of smoking, but 93% of women with lung cancer have a history of passive smoking. Passive smoking is one of the important risk factors for women with lung cancer. Family history of lung cancer and oral contraceptives are associated with female lung cancer to some extent. In addition to the weak link between lung adenocarcinoma and the history of chronic bronchitis/emphysema, the relationship with other risk factors has not been confirmed.