任何一个时代均有其“禁”,无“禁”即不足以成其为国家,不可能组织社会生活。儿童自其出生,所接收的诸种信息中,“禁”就是最重要的一种。“禁”的种类随着人的年龄而递增,这诸多的禁(即“不许”),是人进入社会的通行证。但官方明令的禁,与社会约定俗成的禁,毕竟意义有别。后者中较多“惯例”,也较有延续性,所谓的“传统社会”尤其要赖此而构成。官方的禁,则有可能各代互有异同,其中有趣的,就是作为权力者特殊的意志表达的那些个“禁”。 No era has its “ban”, no “ban” is not enough to make it a country, it is impossible to organize social life. Among the various kinds of information received by children since birth, “ban” is the most important one. The types of “forbidden” increase with the age of the people. These prohibitions (that is, “not allowed”) are people’s access to society. However, the ban on official orders and the ban on community-based conventions, after all, have different meanings. The latter has more “conventions” and more continuity. The so-called “traditional society” depends in particular on this. It is possible that the official prohibition may have similarities and differences between generations, but what is interesting is the “prohibition” expressed by the special will of the powerful.