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文章介绍了苏联科学院的基础研究改革和有关的科学改革方案与科学立法等方面的情况。文章要点包括:苏联科学经受了多次震荡与打击,第一个打击是对控制论科学家的李森科式压制,第二个打击是禁止科学院的科学家在高校兼职,第三个打击是把原属科学院的100多个机构下放到各个部门;目前苏联政府已采取了各种旨在刺激科学发展的措施,其中包括改革研究开发的拨款制度,建立跨部门科技综合体和实施新的劳动报酬制度;科学机构的根本改革首先是保证不同学科学派的共存和竞赛条件,进行学术争鸣和有效保护科学家个人与集体的创造性劳动;除大型研究机构外将广泛发展小型的自主研究机构、临时科研集体、仪器设备中心、信息分析中心和咨询公司等;提议或正在制定《苏联国家科学技术政策法》、《苏联识产权法》、《苏联税收系统法补充条款》、《苏联科学院研究所组织管理原则》、《苏联科学院条例》;拟议建立基础研究基金和将科学院的探索性研究经费比例提高到占60～70％;科学院将和高校以及国外公司联合建立特殊经济区,以利用基础研究成果来开发技术密集型产品。苏联科学院准备建立一家。“科学仪器国际股份有限公司”;决定建立社会主义市场研究所和苏联科学院社会经济和科学技术发展问题研究中心;密切科学院与高校的科研-教学合作,准备建立科学院-大学园区,苏共中央已提出建立“研究大学”的建议;地区科学发展问题日益重要,已制定了有关建立俄罗斯联邦科学院的实际方案。
The article introduced the Soviet Academy of Sciences basic research reform and related scientific reform programs and scientific legislation and so on. The main points of the article include: The Soviet science has undergone many shocks and blows. The first blow is the suppression of Lysenko by cybernetic scientists. The second attack is that the scientists of the Academy of Sciences are forbidden to part-time in universities. The third blow is to bring the former Academy of Sciences More than 100 agencies have been delegated to various departments. At present, the Soviet government has taken various measures aimed at stimulating scientific development, including reforming the funding system for research and development, establishing an inter-departmental science and technology complex and implementing a new labor remuneration system, and science The fundamental reform of institutions should first of all ensure the coexistence and competition conditions of different disciplines and schools, conduct academic contests and effectively protect the creative work of scientists and individuals. In addition to large-scale research institutes, it will extensively develop small-scale independent research institutes, temporary scientific research collectives, instruments and equipment Centers, information analysis centers and consulting firms, etc .; Proposed or developing the “Soviet Union's National Science and Technology Policy Act”, “Soviet Intellectual Property Law”, “Soviet Union Tax System Law Supplementary Provisions”, “Soviet Academy of Sciences Organization Management Principles” Soviet Academy of Sciences Ordinance “proposed the establishment of basic research fund and general The proportion of research funding exploratory homes increased to account for 60 to 70%; the Academy of Sciences and universities and foreign companies jointly established special economic zones to take advantage of the results of basic research to develop technology-intensive products. Soviet Academy of Sciences ready to build a. Scientific Instruments International Co., Ltd .; decided to establish the Institute of Socialism Market and the Soviet Academy of Social and Economic and Scientific and Technological Development Research Center; Close Academy of Sciences and university research - teaching cooperation, preparation for the establishment of the Academy of Sciences - University Park, the Central Committee of the CPSU Put forward the proposal of establishing a ”research university." The issue of regional scientific development is becoming increasingly important. Practical plans for establishing a science academy in the Russian Federation have been put in place.