水晶体疾患中最重要的是水晶体的混浊,称为白内障。没有自觉症状的成年人中有时出发现有点状混浊,但对无自觉症状又尤进行性者,一般不称为白内障。白内障有先天性和后天性之分。前者是在水晶体的发育途中发生某种障碍,水晶体混浊演变成白内障,多数是静止性的。先天性的白内障伴有眼部先天性异常和全身性先天性异常者并不少见。后天性白内障多数是进行性的,以老年性白内障为其代表。此外还有糖尿病性白内障,外伤性白内障,和并发于各种眼科疾患的继发性自内障等等。白内障形成的特点在化学上是由于氧的 Crystal disorders most important is the opacity of the crystal, known as cataracts. Adults who do not have symptoms sometimes start to spot turbid, but especially those who do not have symptoms and are generally not considered as cataracts. Cataract has congenital and acquired points. The former is some kind of obstacle in the development of the crystal body, crystal opacity has evolved into cataracts, the majority are static. Congenital cataract with congenital anomalies and systemic congenital abnormalities are not uncommon. Acquired cataracts are mostly progressive, with senile cataract as its representative. In addition there are diabetic cataracts, traumatic cataracts, and secondary to various eye diseases secondary to cataracts and so on. The formation of cataract is chemically due to oxygen