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震波的维度、类型和不对称性等因素对砂土的液化有重要影响。利用开源有限元平台Open Sees对室内动单剪试验进行三维数值模拟,分析了这些因素对砂土液化的影响。为了提高数值模拟的准确性,采用适合于动力分析及液化模拟的边界面模型。通过一系列的模拟和对比发现:多维荷载比一维荷载更容易产生液化,但竖向荷载对液化的影响并不大;同样条件下,振动型地震波比冲击型更容易引起砂土液化,但其最大峰值对孔压的影响并不如后者的明显。此外,地震波的不对称性对液化影响很小;单纯地用等效的方法把地震波简化为规则的正弦波,大多数情况下并不能对液化进行恰当的描述。
Shock wave dimension, type and asymmetry and other factors have an important impact on sand liquefaction. Open Sees, an open-ended finite element platform, was used to conduct three-dimensional numerical simulation of indoor single shear tests. The effects of these factors on sand liquefaction were analyzed. In order to improve the accuracy of numerical simulation, a boundary model suitable for dynamic analysis and liquefaction simulation is adopted. Through a series of simulations and comparisons, it is found that the multi-dimensional load is more liquefied than the one-dimensional load, but the vertical load has little effect on the liquefaction. Under the same conditions, the vibrational seismic wave is easier to liquefy than the impact type, The maximum peak pressure on the impact of the latter is not as obvious. In addition, the seismic wave asymmetry has little effect on liquefaction; simply by equivalent methods to simplify the seismic wave into a regular sine wave, liquefaction can not be properly described in most cases.