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以猪粪、小麦秸秆为材料,研究了磺胺甲唑(SMZ)对高温堆肥过程中理化性质(温度、pH值、E4/E6)和酶活性(纤维素酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、多酚氧化酶)的影响.结果表明:SMZ对堆肥理化性质的影响与其浓度有关.高浓度(95 mg·kg-1)SMZ会对微生物活性产生显著抑制作用,表现出堆肥温度难以达到无害化标准,堆料pH值较低(<9.0).但高浓度(95 mg·kg-1)SMZ能激活多酚氧化酶活性,且水提浸液E4/E6值较低.在堆肥过程中,SMZ对纤维素酶和脲酶活性呈现出“抑制-激活-抑制”的作用,50 mg·kg-1的SMZ对纤维素酶产生不同程度的激活作用.相比之下,脲酶活性对SMZ的敏感性比纤维素酶更敏感,5 mg·kg-1的SMZ即能显著抑制脲酶活性,中浓度(50 mg·kg-1)的SMZ对碱性磷酸酶活性产生了显著的抑制作用.综上,SMZ通过影响酶活性而影响堆肥过程的物质转化.此外,SMZ浓度越大,种子发芽指数越低.当SMZ≥50mg·kg-1时,堆肥难以腐熟而对植物毒性较大.
The effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) on the physicochemical properties (temperature, pH value, E4 / E6) and enzyme activities (cellulase, phosphatase, urease, polyphenol oxidation The results showed that the effect of SMZ on the physicochemical properties of composting was related to its concentration.The SMZ at high concentration (95 mg · kg-1) significantly inhibited the microbial activity and showed that it was hard to reach composting temperature, However, high concentration (95 mg · kg-1) SMZ activated polyphenol oxidase activity, and the E4 / E6 value of aqueous extract was lower.In composting, SMZ The activities of cellulase and urease showed “inhibition-activation-inhibition”, while SMZ at 50 mg · kg-1 activated the cellulase to some extent.In contrast, the activity of urease was sensitive to SMZ Is more sensitive to cellulase than SMZ at 5 mg · kg-1, while SMZ at medium concentration (50 mg · kg-1) significantly inhibits alkaline phosphatase activity. , SMZ affected the transformation of the composting process by affecting the enzyme activity.In addition, the larger the SMZ concentration, the lower the seed germination index.When the SMZ≥50mg · kg-1, compost difficult To decompose and plant toxicity.