报告１４５例３～１０岁低体重儿弱视的发生及相关因素分析。弱视检出率为５０％，其中以屈不正性弱视为主（７２％）。以两眼中弱视程度较重的眼为因变量，用有序分类Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归模型作多因素分析，结果显示年龄、胎龄是弱视的保护性因素，弱视与屈光不正程度有关。提示弱视的防治要着眼于学龄前，从围产期做起，重视早产低体重儿的眼科随访。 Report of 145 cases of 3 ~ 10 years old children with low birth weight and its related factors analysis of amblyopia. The detection rate of amblyopia is 50%, of which the most serious is weakness (72%). Taking eyes with amblyopia in both eyes as dependent variables and multivariate analysis with ordinal Logistic regression model, the results showed that age and gestational age were protective factors of amblyopia, and amblyopia was related to the degree of refractive error. Tip prevention and treatment of amblyopia should focus on preschool, from the perinatal start, pay attention to premature low-birth-weight children’s eye follow-up.