八年抗战时期,千百万中国人为了免受日寇铁蹄的践踏,携带妻儿逃离世代居住的家园,辗转流徙,奔向大后方和安全地域,沦为难民。其人数之众,规模之大,可谓史无前例。它不仅在当时是一个严重的社会问题而引起全社会的普遍关注,而且直至今天,它仍然是抗日战争史研究中一个值得重视的历史现象。近年来,史学界对抗战史的研究,已在广阔的领域中展开,但对难民问题尚未引起足够的重视。本文试就抗战时期难民群体的构成与特点,作一些粗浅的探讨,以就教于专家学者。 During the eight-year war of resistance against Japan, tens of millions of Chinese were fleeing to the rear and safe areas and becoming refugees in order to escape the treachery of the Japanese invaders and bring their wives and children to flee their homes of generations. Its number of people, large-scale, can be described as unprecedented. It not only aroused the widespread concern of the whole society at that time but was a serious social problem. And it is still a historical phenomenon worthy of attention in the study of the history of the Anti-Japanese War. In recent years, historians have studied the history of the war of resistance in a vast area but have not given enough attention to the issue of refugees. This article tries to discuss the composition and characteristics of refugee groups during the War of Resistance against Japan and make some superficial discussions in order to teach them to experts and scholars.