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一、美国目前发展概况: 二十一世纪是生物技术世纪。生物技术(基因工程)是国际上发展最快的尖端科学之一。这一点从诺贝尔医学奖的得主中也可看出:1975～1993年得诺贝尔医学奖的共40位科学家,其中有一半是生物技术科学家。美国的医学生物技术(基因工程)在世界上是占有绝对的优势。可以说大部份的基因工程医药产品是由美国首先开发成功的,而且从上市的基因工程医药产品来看,美国也占了相当大的比重。据目前已上市的15只重点基因工程医药产品统计,1992年全世界的基因工程药物的销售额为44.2亿美元,美国占21.5亿美元。(见附表1)
I. Current Development of the United States: The 21st century is the century of biotechnology. Biotechnology (genetic engineering) is one of the fastest growing cutting-edge sciences in the world. This can also be seen from the winners of the Nobel Prize in Medicine: Of the 40 scientists who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine from 1975 to 1993, half were biotechnologists. The medical biotechnology (genetic engineering) in the United States has an absolute advantage in the world. It can be said that most of the genetic engineering pharmaceutical products were first developed by the United States, and from the perspective of the listed genetic engineering pharmaceutical products, the United States also accounts for a considerable proportion. According to statistics of 15 key genetically engineered pharmaceutical products currently on the market, sales of genetic engineering drugs in the world amounted to US$4.42 billion in 1992, and the United States accounted for US$2.15 billion. (See Schedule 1)