地方性真菌病是社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的重要原因,但临床上经常被忽略。常由于诊断和治疗方面的延误而导致灾难性的后果,病死率接近10%。本文主要讨论目前发生在北美地区引起CAP的3个主要地方性真菌病,即球孢子菌病、组织胞浆菌病和芽生菌病及我国近年报道的散发病例。这3种真菌病有严格的地域分布,值得注意的是这种情况经常发生在流行区以外的地区。例如,在一项地方性真 Endemic fungal disease is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), but is often overlooked clinically. Often catastrophic outcomes due to delays in diagnosis and treatment, the case fatality rate is close to 10%. This article focuses on the three major endemic fungal diseases that cause CAP in North America today, namely coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis and blastomycosis, and the cases of sporadic cases reported in recent years in our country. These three fungal diseases have a strict geographical distribution, it is worth noting that this situation often occurs in areas outside the popular area. For example, at a local level