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胶原是人类最主要的结构蛋白,在体内通过自组装形成具有D带的纤维结构,构成人体的各种组织。胶原蛋白具有优异的生物相容性、生物可降解性、无毒性、低免疫性等特点,在材料科学、生物医学、组织工程、生物传感器等领域得到了越来越多的研究和应用。近年来,人们发现,通过合理调控外界环境,胶原蛋白在体外能自组装形成有序的超分子聚集结构,胶原蛋白在体外的自组装行为引起了研究者的广泛关注,逐渐成为研究的热点。本文概括了胶原的自组装机理、外界环境条件对胶原自组装的影响以及胶原自组装基复合材料等方面的工作。
Collagen is the most important structural protein of human being. It forms a fiber structure with D band in the body through self-assembly, and forms various tissues of the human body. Collagen has the characteristics of excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity and low immunity. It has been more and more studied and applied in the field of materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering and biosensor. In recent years, it has been found that collagen can self-assemble to form an ordered supramolecular aggregation structure in vitro by reasonably regulating the external environment. The self-assembly behavior of collagen in vitro has aroused widespread concern of researchers and has gradually become a hot spot for research. This paper summarizes the self-assembly mechanism of collagen, the influence of external environmental conditions on the self-assembly of collagen and the work of collagen self-assembly based composites.