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已有研究证实,AM真菌能够促进植物生长发育,提高植物抗病性和抗逆性。为探明药用植物丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza)根围AM真菌资源状况,作者分别于2008年8月和2009年8月,在河北省安国市4个样地(齐村、中药材种植基地、祈州、沙头)采集丹参根围0-30cm土层土壤样品,研究根围AM真菌的生态分布、多样性及其与土壤因子的相关性。共分离鉴定出AM真菌4属24种,AM真菌最大孢子密度为77.55级/土样,最大定殖率为72.72%。其中球囊霉属(Glomus)16种,平均分离频度为100%,相对多度最高达76.4%,是4个样地的共同优势属;无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)5种,分离频度及相对多度仅次于球囊霉属;盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)2种,仅在祈州样地出现;内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)1种,仅在沙头样地出现;聚丛球囊霉(G.aggregatum)是4个样地的共同优势种。4个样地平均Shannon-Wiener指数从大到小依次为齐村、祈州、沙头、中药材种植基地;中药材种植基地AM真菌组成与其他样地差异显著,其孢子密度、种丰度随土壤速效P、碱解N、有机质和pH值升高而降低。上述结果显示丹参根围AM真菌资源丰富,并与丹参形成良好的共生关系,这为进一步筛选高效优势菌种,利用菌根技术提高丹参产量和品质提供了依据。
Studies have confirmed that AM fungi can promote plant growth and improve plant disease resistance and stress resistance. In order to find out the resources of AM fungi in the rhizosphere of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, the authors studied the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the rhizospheric AM fungi resources of Salvia miltiorrhiza in August 2008 and August 2009 respectively in four plots (Qi village, State, Shatou) to collect the soil samples of 0-30cm soil layer in the rhizosphere of Salvia miltiorrhiza, to study the ecological distribution and diversity of AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil and its correlation with soil factors. A total of 24 AM genera and 4 genera were isolated and identified. The maximum spore density of AM fungi was 77.55 / soil, and the maximum colonization rate was 72.72%. Among them, 16 species were Glomus, with the average frequency of 100% and the relative abundance of 76.4%, which were the common dominant genera of the four plots. Five species of Acomulospora, Only two species of Scutellospora, only appeared in the sample area of Chizhou; one species of Entrophospora within the sample, Appeared; G. agglomerate (G.aggregatum) is a common dominant species in four plots. The average Shannon-Wiener index of four plots was Qicun, Qizhou, Shatou and Chinese herbal medicine planting bases in descending order. The composition of AM fungi in Chinese herbal medicine planting base was significantly different from other plots. The spore density, species abundance With soil available P, alkaline hydrolysis of N, organic matter and pH value decreased. The above results show that AMF is rich in rhizosphere of Salvia miltiorrhiza, and forms a good symbiotic relationship with Salvia miltiorrhiza, which provides a basis for further screening high-potency dominant bacteria and improving the yield and quality of Salvia miltiorrhiza with mycorrhiza technology.