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星际巡航段导航方案设计是深空探测任务中的重要组成部分。针对巡航段的特点,研究了一种基于多颗小行星光学信息的自主光学导航方案。它包括导航星的确定,导航系统的建立,导航算法的研究。此方案给出了统一的导航小行星选取准则,导航星个数的判别方法,以及基于UD分解的递推加权最小二乘滤波导航算法。通过可观测性分析确保了导航算法的可行性,利用数学仿真验证了导航方案设计的合理性。此方案的导航系统精度优于深空1任务,位置估计误差小于100km,速度估计误差小于0.3m/s。
Star cruise segment navigation program design is an important part of deep space exploration mission. Aiming at the characteristics of cruise segment, an autonomous optical navigation scheme based on the optical information of multiple asteroids has been studied. It includes the determination of navigation star, the establishment of navigation system and the research of navigation algorithm. This scheme gives a unified guideline for the selection of asteroid, the method of determining the number of navigation stars, and the recursive weighted least squares filter navigation algorithm based on UD decomposition. The feasibility of the navigation algorithm is ensured by observability analysis. The rationality of the navigation scheme design is verified by mathematical simulation. The accuracy of the navigation system of this scheme is better than that of deep space 1, the position estimation error is less than 100km and the speed estimation error is less than 0.3m / s.