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拉尔夫·福克斯是英国马克思主义文论的奠基人之一,也是最早从马克思主义视角论述英国小说历史变迁的批评家。本文比较系统地评价了他的小说史论的利弊得失,梳理出其中隐含的深刻洞见,剖析了一些或隐或显的失误。福克斯对小说的盛衰与社会哲学之间关系的探讨,在一定程度上摆脱了当时盛行的经济决定论,为后来的英国马克思主义文论开创了新的研究视角。
Ralph Fox is one of the founders of British Marxist literary theory and the earliest critics of the historical changes of British novels from the perspective of Marxism. This article systematically evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of his history of fictions, sorts out the profound insights and analyzes some hidden or obvious mistakes. Fox’s discussion of the relationship between the rise and fall of the novel and the social philosophy, to a certain extent, got rid of the then prevailing economic determinism and opened a new research perspective for later British Marxist literary theory.