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目的调查大连市居民膳食结构与食物消费量。方法采用多阶段分层与人口成比例整群随机抽样方法选择880户居民2 240人进行调查,由调查对象在线填写过去4个月的食物频率问卷。结果大连市每标准人日营养素摄入量:钙(688.10mg)略低于《指南》的推荐量,钠(3 847.97 mg)明显高于推荐量,其余8种矿物质(钾、镁、铁、锰、锌、铜、磷、硒)均高于推荐量。6种维生素(A、B_1、B_2、B_3、C、E)均达到推荐要求。蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物的供能百分比分别为14.06%、28.20%、57.73%。每标准人日食物摄入量:豆及豆制品75.46g,蛋及蛋制品28.22g,粮谷薯类350.20g,蔬菜414.52g,水果258.79g,禽畜肉84.05g,鱼虾类73.11g,奶及其制品91.82g,植物油11.76g。前2种城市低于农村,后5种农村低于城市(P<0.05)。结论大连市居民食物摄入量基本达到中国居民膳食指南推荐要求,尤其是水果、蔬菜、鱼虾类、豆类、奶类。
Objective To investigate the dietary structure and food consumption of residents in Dalian. Methods A total of 2,240 inhabitants of 880 households were selected by stratified population stratification and multistage stratified random sampling method. The respondents filled in the food frequency questionnaire in the past 4 months online. Results The daily nutrient intake per standard human in Dalian was slightly lower than that recommended in the Guidelines for calcium (688.10mg), sodium (3 847.97mg) was significantly higher than recommended, and the remaining 8 minerals (potassium, magnesium, iron , Manganese, zinc, copper, phosphorus, selenium) were higher than the recommended amount. Six vitamins (A, B_1, B_2, B_3, C, E) met the recommended requirements. The percentage of energy supplied by protein, fat and carbohydrate was 14.06%, 28.20% and 57.73% respectively. Per person per day Food intake: beans and soy products 75.46g, egg and egg products 28.22g, grain and potato 350.20g, vegetables 414.52g, fruit 258.79g, livestock meat 84.05g, fish and shrimp 73.11g, 91.82g of milk and its products, 11.76g of vegetable oil. The first two kinds of cities are lower than the rural areas and the latter five kinds of rural areas are lower than the urban areas (P <0.05). Conclusion The food intake of residents in Dalian basically meets the recommended dietary guidelines of Chinese residents, especially fruits, vegetables, fish and shrimps, beans and milk.