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目的:了解鄢陵县2013年麻疹流行病学特征,探讨控制和消除麻疹策略。方法:对鄢陵县2013年麻疹监测系统报告的麻疹病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果:鄢陵县有50%的乡镇有麻疹病例报告,报告发病率5.5/10万,较2011年、2012年有明显上升。春季高发,小于8月龄发病数最高,3岁以下发病人数占病例总数的100%,男女比例为1:1;2岁以下无免疫史病例占总无免疫史的100%。结论:麻疹发病向小月龄段推移。主要与免疫缺漏和胎传抗体不足以及院内感染有关。加强适龄儿童和重点人群麻疹疫苗接种,提高疫苗接种率,提高麻疹监测质量,加强院内感染控制是目前防控麻疹的主要措施。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Yanling County in 2013 and to explore strategies for controlling and eliminating measles. Methods: The epidemiological analysis of measles cases reported by the measles monitoring system in Yanling County in 2013 was described. Results: Fifty percent of townships in Yanling County reported measles cases with a reported incidence of 5.5 / 100 000, which was significantly higher than in 2011 and 2012. High incidence in spring, the highest incidence of less than 8 months of age, less than 3 years of age the number of cases accounted for 100% of the total number of cases, male to female ratio of 1: 1; 2 years of age without immunization history of total non-immune history of 100%. Conclusion: The incidence of measles passed to the younger age. Mainly associated with lack of immunosuppression and fetal antibodies and nosocomial infections. To strengthen the measles vaccination of school-age children and key population, improve the vaccination rate, improve the quality of measles surveillance and strengthen the control of nosocomial infection are the main measures to prevent and control measles.