宋代古音学家程迥提出“四声互用”古音学说,朱熹将其大量用于《诗集传》叶音。文章从历史文献考察发现,四声互用说具有事据与理据两种根据。事据来自汉语中常见的异调异读,理据来自唐宋切韵学的“调四声”法。自南朝迄宋,诗人已经有了四声互用的实践,程朱二氏综合事、理二据,归纳出“四声互用”理论并用诸《诗经》韵读。 Cheng Jiu, an ancient phonologist in the Song Dynasty, proposed that “four sounds interact with each other” and “ancient phonology”. Zhu Xi used it in a large number for the leaf sound of “Biography of Poetry”. The article examines the historical documents and finds that there are two kinds of grounds for the interpersonal relationship between the four sounds and the basis for justification. Matter comes from the common Chinese variant of heterophony, according to the theory of “cut four sound” method. Since the Southern Song Dynasty, the poets already had the practice of intercommunication of four voices. The integrated theory of Cheng and Zhu and the theory of second principles of the two theories summed up the theory of “Four Interactions and Interrelatedness” and used the rhyme of the Book of Songs to read.