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在现代汉语中“典”字和“当”字经常结合在一起使用,不作区分。但在以元、明时期为背景的汉语教科书《朴通事》里,“典”和“当”的区别很明显。而且朝鲜时期的词汇注解书《老朴集览》也明确阐述了两个字的区别。其区别在于抵押对象的不同、占有性质的不同、是否交利息和担保范围的不同等。随着经济环境的变化,“典”和“当”二字的释义也发生了一定的变化。元、明以前,二字的释义还没分开,混在一起使用。到了元、明时期,二字释义的区别就很明显了,特别在法律条文中都有明确的规定。《朴通事》《老朴集览》正确地反映出了当时“典”“当”二字的实际用法,展示了其作为汉语教科书和词汇集的严正性和标准性,给我们提供了可靠、珍贵的近代汉语词汇资料。
In modern Chinese, the characters “Dian” and “Dang” are often used together without distinction. However, in the Chinese textbook “Pu Tong Shi”, which is based on the Yuan and Ming periods, the difference between “Dian” and “Dang” is obvious. And North Korea’s vocabulary annotation book “Lao Park Collection” also clearly elaborated the difference between the two words. The difference lies in the different objects of mortgage, possession of different nature, whether to pay interest and guarantee the scope of the difference. As the economic environment changes, the definition of “dian” and “dangdang” also changes a little. Yuan, before the Ming, the interpretation of the word has not been separated, mixed together to use. By the Yuan and Ming dynasties, the difference between the two words is obvious, especially in the legal provisions have a clear provision. The Book of Common Things and Lao Park Collection accurately reflect the actual usage of the word “dian ” and “dang” at that time, demonstrating its rigor and standard as a set of Chinese textbooks and lexicons, We provide reliable, precious modern Chinese vocabulary information.