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探讨护士职业性腰背痛的影响因素与防护,从生物力学角度分析总结导致护士职业性腰背痛的原因,通过查阅相关资料并结合临床实践,总结归纳为护理操作过程中脊柱过度屈曲扭转导致姿势稳定性降低,椎间盘,小关节,肌肉韧带负荷过大而致损伤,对防护职业性腰背痛提出,加强关注护理操作过程中姿势的稳定性,充分利用人体工效学原理设计好工作环境与工作步骤,以维护脊柱的生物力学特性,预防脊柱过度屈曲扭转,同时加强背肌及核心肌群的稳定性训练,使肌力得到加强并提高肌肉的协调能力,建议使用防护用具,如腰围、软底鞋等以维护脊柱的稳定性,预防护士职业性腰背痛。作者从生物学角度将护理人员职业性腰背痛的影响因素及防护进行综述。
To explore the influencing factors and protection of occupational low back pain in nurses and to summarize the causes of occupational low back pain in nurses from the perspective of biomechanics. By referring to the relevant data and combining with clinical practice, it is concluded that excessive flexion and turn of the spine during nursing operation Lower posture stability, excessive load of intervertebral disc, facet joint, and muscle ligament, which are the causes of occupational low back pain. We should pay more attention to the posture stability during the nursing operation and make full use of ergonomics to design a good working environment and Work steps to maintain the biomechanical characteristics of the spine to prevent excessive flexion and torsion of the spine, while strengthening the stability training of the back muscle and core muscles to enhance muscle strength and improve muscle coordination, it is recommended to use protective equipment such as waist circumference, Soft soles to maintain the stability of the spine, nurses to prevent occupational low back pain. The author summarizes the influencing factors and protection of occupational low back pain in nurses from the biological point of view.