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贵族在西方可追溯到古希腊时期,广场政治时期具有“言行和谐”精神的理论家、柏拉图的“理想国”中代表智慧和理性的哲学王。贵族作为一个时代的产物,属于某一个特定的历史阶段,但其所蕴含的贵族精神却经久不衰,体现的是一种人格的高贵和自由的精神,积淀为近代以来西方社会文化中对自由意志和个人自尊的充分肯定。中国古代同样存在贵族,像西周的奴隶主氏族贵族以及春秋战国时期孔子用“仁”塑造的君子。所以,本文就浅析一下贵族的内涵、精神以及这种精神的社会文化意义。
Aristocrats can be traced back to ancient Greece in the West, theorists with the spirit of “harmony of words and actions” during the political period in the Square, and the philosopher-king of wisdom and reason in Plato’s “Republic of China”. As a product of an era, the aristocracy belongs to a specific historical stage, but its aristocratic spirit is enduring, reflects a noble and free spirit of personality, accumulation of Western society since the modern culture of freedom Will and personal self-esteem fully affirmed. There were also aristocrats in ancient China, such as the slave clan aristocrats of the Western Zhou Dynasty and the gentlemen of Confucius in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Therefore, this article analyzes the meaning and spirit of aristocrats and the social and cultural significance of this spirit.