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钾离子是机体内环境的最重要的阳离子之一,钾通道是钾离子转移至细胞外的主要途径,此二者不仅参与维持机体生理功能的作用,而且对机体免疫亦有调节作用。钾离子和钾通道参与了多种免疫细胞的活化及细胞的凋亡。在T细胞介导的自身免疫性疾病中,钾通道表达异常,选择性阻滞钾通道可以减缓疾病的发生发展。电压门控性钾通道已经成为治疗自身免疫性疾病的新靶点。
Potassium is one of the most important cations in the body’s environment. Potassium channels are the main route for the transfer of potassium ions to the extracellular space. Both are involved not only in the maintenance of physiological functions but also in the regulation of immunity. Potassium and potassium channels are involved in the activation of a variety of immune cells and cell apoptosis. In T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, abnormal potassium channel expression, selective blockade of potassium channels can slow down the development of the disease. Voltage-gated potassium channels have become new targets for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.