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目的了解本次伤寒暴发的原因及危险因素,为防控提供依据。方法采用统一调查表对所有的病例进行个案调查,用描述性流行病学方法分析病例分布情况,采用病例对照研究的方法 ,探讨本次暴发的危险因素。结果 4月15日~5月18日地坝村共发生伤寒病例31例,病例主要为地坝小学学生,作成组病例对照研究,发现地坝小学学生在学校喝生水有统计学意义(OR=3.43,x2=5.06,P<0.05)。结论学校附近饮用水被污染可能是本次疫情暴发的主要原因。
Objective To understand the causes and risk factors of this typhoid outbreak and provide the basis for prevention and control. Methods A single questionnaire was used to investigate all the cases, the case distribution was analyzed by descriptive epidemiology, and the case-control study was used to explore the risk factors of this outbreak. Results A total of 31 cases of typhoid fever were found in Daba village from April 15 to May 18, and the cases were mainly Dadi primary school students. A case-control study was conducted to find that the primary school students in Daba had statistically significant differences (OR = 3.43, x2 = 5.06, P <0.05). Conclusion The contamination of drinking water near the school may be the main reason for the outbreak.