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以开都河下游绿洲为研究区,选取1958年土壤类型图、1973年MSS、1990年TM和2010年ETM+遥感影像为数据源,采用光谱角分类法提取盐渍地信息,利用盐渍化动态度模型SSDI和土地转移矩阵进行盐渍化动态分析。研究结果表明:①1958年~2010年研究区盐渍地呈减少趋势,其面积减小866.81km2;盐渍化动态度SSDI为1.09;其中,中度盐渍化土地面积减小速度最快,盐渍化动态度SSDI为2.18。②3种不同类型盐渍化土地之间相互转化,中重度盐渍化土地转化程度最高,占其转移量的43.47%;3类盐渍化土地向非盐渍化土地和裸地转移,轻度盐渍化土地转移程度最高,占其转移量的80.59%。③研究区的年均温度、年蒸发量、年降水量、人口总数和农业生产总值与盐渍化土地面积均呈负相关,其中年均温度与盐渍化土地的相关系数值最大,其值为0.98;年蒸发量与盐渍化土地的相关系数值最小,其值为-0.28。
Taking the oasis in the lower reaches of the Kai Du River as the research area, the soil type maps of 1958, the MSS of 1973, the TM of 1990 and the ETM + of 2010 were used as data sources. The information of salinities was extracted by spectral angle classification, Degree Model SSDI and Land Transfer Matrix for Salinization Dynamic Analysis. The results showed as follows: ① From 1958 to 2010, the salinity decreased and the area decreased 866.81km2; the SSDI of salinization activity was 1.09. Among them, the area of moderate salinization decreased the fastest and the salt SSDI was 2.18. ② The three different types of salinized land transform into each other, and the medium and severe salinized land has the highest degree of transformation, accounting for 43.47% of the total amount of the salted land. Three types of salinized land have transferred to non-salinized land and bare land, The salinized land has the highest degree of transfer, accounting for 80.59% of its transfer. (3) The annual average temperature, annual evaporation, annual precipitation, total population and gross agricultural product of the study area are negatively correlated with the salinized land area, of which the correlation coefficient between annual average temperature and salinized land is the highest The value is 0.98; the correlation coefficient between annual evaporation and salinized land is the smallest, its value is -0.28.