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黔西南是中国最先发现卡林型金矿的地区，迄今，产地已扩大到黔、桂、滇三省毗邻区的“黔—桂—滇金三角”，面积达１０万平方公里左右，致使该区成为中国重要的黄金产区之一。近年来，区内又发现了具重要经济价值的岩溶塌陷成因的红土型金矿。本文概要地介绍了两种类型金矿的地质特征，在此基础上着重阐述了作者的如下观点：①右江盆地的存在是本区金矿成矿定位的决定性因素，盆地的形成与演化为含矿热液的孕育提供了热、水、矿“三源”，盆地的边缘断裂是成矿热液释放的主要通道，故尔在右江盆地与扬子地台的衔接带成矿。②原生金矿的成矿深度很大，下限超过成矿时古地面以下４０００ｍ，应重视深部找矿。③矿床的产出，从表观上看，与一定的构造、层位、岩相和岩性有关，但层位和岩相对矿床的控制仅是表观的，构造和岩性的控制才是本质的，即背斜和穹窿核部具多次活动的断裂和富合同生黄铁矿的细碎屑岩复合控矿。④构成成矿热液的流体主要是盆地中的沉积建造水，包括封存水和热脱水，只是在与金的沉淀并无直接联系的热液活动晚期，才明显地有大气水介入。⑤容矿岩石中原有的草毒状同生黄铁矿的存在是导致金从溶液中淀出的重要原因；同生黄铁矿的吸附和还原是金的主要沉淀方式；具同生黄铁矿内核和富?
Qianxinan is the first area in China to find Carlin-type gold mines. So far, the area of origin has been expanded to the “Guizhou-Guangxi-Yunnan Golden Triangle” adjacent to the three provinces of Guizhou, Guangxi and Yunnan, covering an area of 100,000 square kilometers. As a result, Become one of China’s major gold producing areas. In recent years, the region has discovered lateritic gold deposits of karst collapse with important economic value. This paper gives an overview of the geological characteristics of the two types of gold deposits. Based on this, the authors’ observations are as follows: ① The existence of the Youjiang basin is the decisive factor for the metallogenic orientation of the gold deposits in this area. The formation and evolution of the basin are The geothermal mineralization provides the “three sources” of heat, water and ore. The edge rupture of the basin is the main channel for the release of mineralization hydrothermal fluids. Therefore, the mineralization is formed in the convergence zone of the Youjiang Basin and the Yangtze platform. ② The depth of mineralization of the native gold mine is large, with the lower limit exceeding 4000m below the paleo-mineralization during mineralization, deep prospecting should be emphasized. (3) The output of the ore deposit is apparently related to some structure, horizon, lithofacies and lithology, but the control of horizon and rock relative to the deposit is only apparent, and the control of tectonics and lithology is In essence, the anticline and vault nuclear activities with multiple active fracture and rich synagogue pyroclastic composite ore control. ④ The hydrothermal fluids that make up the ore-forming hydrothermal fluids are mainly sediment-producing water in the basin, including sealed water and thermal dehydration. Only after the hydrothermal activity is not directly linked with the precipitation of gold, it is obvious that atmospheric water is involved. (5) The existence of grass-like syngenetic pyrite in the ore-bearing rocks is an important reason for the gold to be precipitated from the solution. The adsorption and reduction of syngenetic pyrite are the main precipitation ways of gold. Mine core and rich?