成立于20世纪初的汽车制造业公司,有90%以上到1940年就销声匿迹了。而大多数新开张的餐馆,寿命都不超过2年。幸存下来的公司或企业,必须让投资人或客户满意,或是让大家都满意。但随着企业的不断壮大,企业领导层有更多事情需要处理,这时,感到满意的群体往往会得陇望蜀,向组织提出更多要求,把眼光集中到组织内部,而忽视了急剧的外部变化。 More than 90% of automakers, founded in the early 1900s, disappeared by 1940. Most newly opened restaurants have a life span of less than two years. Surviving companies or businesses must satisfy investors or customers or satisfy everyone. But as business grows, there are more things that business leaders need to deal with, and then satisfied groups tend to look forward to asking more for the organization to focus on the organization while ignoring radical external changes .