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目的:了解泸州地区儿童呼吸道感染病原菌的构成及耐药性变化,为临床用药提供参考。方法:收集2010年1月至2012年12月泸州地区儿童呼吸道感染分离的病原菌及药敏试验结果,使用WHONET5.4和SPSS13.0软件进行数据分析。结果:3 318株病原菌中,革兰阳性菌占24.68%(819株),革兰阴性菌占65.16%(2 162株),真菌占10.16%(337株)。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素的耐药率>90%;肺炎链球菌对红霉素、克林霉素的耐药率>75%,对青霉素耐药率为29.12%;铜绿假单胞菌对头孢噻肟和头孢曲松的耐药率>90%;鲍曼不动杆菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药率为55.22%。产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌占肺炎克雷伯菌的16.25%(106/634),产ESBLs大肠埃希菌占大肠埃希菌的44.62%(220/493),产ESBLs菌株对头孢菌素的耐药率较高,对亚胺培南、头孢吡肟、哌拉西林钠/他唑巴坦、头孢哌哃/舒巴坦、环丙沙星和阿米卡星的耐药率<30%。结论:泸州地区儿童呼吸道感染以革兰阴性菌为主,部分细菌耐药率有下降的趋势,临床应结合药敏试验选用适宜的抗菌药物。
Objective: To understand the composition and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in children with respiratory tract infection in Luzhou, and to provide reference for clinical medication. Methods: The pathogenic bacteria isolated from respiratory tract infection of children in Luzhou from January 2010 to December 2012 were collected and their susceptibility testing results were collected. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 and SPSS 13.0 software. Results: Among the 3 318 pathogens, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 24.68% (819 strains), Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 65.16% (2 162 strains) and fungi accounted for 10.16% (337 strains). Staphylococcus aureus resistance to penicillin> 90%; Streptococcus pneumoniae erythromycin, clindamycin resistance rate> 75%, penicillin resistance rate was 29.12%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa cephalosporins The resistance rate of ceftriaxone and ceftriaxone was> 90%. The resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to cefoperazone / sulbactam was 55.22%. ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 16.25% (106/634) of Klebsiella pneumoniae, ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli accounted for 44.62% (220/493), ESBLs-producing strains of cephalosporins Resistant rate was high, the resistance rates to imipenem, cefepime, piperacillin / tazobactam, cefoperazurib / sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and amikacin were less than 30% . Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria are the main respiratory tract infections in children in Luzhou area, and some of them have a tendency of decreasing. The antibiotics should be used clinically in combination with susceptibility testing.