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文字改革,通常有狭义的和广义的两种解释。狭义的文字改革包括:(一)文字的局部改革,如我国五十年代以来对汉字的整理和简化;(二)文字体制的改革,如用拼音文字取代汉字。广义的文字改革则包括简化汉字,推广普通话、制订和推行《汉语拼音方案》。因为这三项工作一直被当作文字体制改革的准备条件和实际步骤,所以习惯上也就统归于文字改革的范畴。在过去的三十年当中,我国的文字改革工作主要就是简化汉字、推广普通话、制订和推行《汉语拼音方案》(应当明确指出,《汉语拼音方案》不是拼音文字)。目前这些任务有的还没有完成,需要继续完成,所以新时期国家的语言文字工作方针中提到“继续推动文字改革工作”。至于文字体制改革,过去确实宣传过、强
Text reform, usually narrow and broad interpretation of the two. Narrow text reform includes: (i) local reform of the text, such as the collation and simplification of Chinese characters since the 1950s; (ii) the reform of the text system, for example, replacing the Chinese characters with pinyin texts. The broader text reform includes simplifying Chinese characters, promoting Putonghua, formulating and implementing the Hanyu Pinyin Scheme. Because these three tasks have always been regarded as the preparation conditions and practical steps for the reform of the literary system, they are customarily classified into the category of literal reform. In the past three decades, the reform of Chinese characters mainly focused on simplifying Chinese characters, promoting Putonghua, and formulating and implementing the “Hanyu Pinyin Scheme.” (It should be clearly pointed out that “Hanyu Pinyin Scheme” is not a pinyin script.) At present, some of these tasks have not yet been completed and need to be completed. Therefore, the working principle of the language of the new country refers to “continuing to promote the text reform work.” As for the reform of the text system, the past did propagandize strongly