西北诸城外贸,历史久远。丝绸之路作为我国向西方出口主要通道的作用,隋唐达到鼎盛,至元代犹存遗绪,故沿途不少城市的社会经济发展,不同程度均受到过外贸的影响;而外贸经济自古即为西北城市社会经济的重要组成部分。 清代,由于世界和中国历史局势的重大变动,西北诸城外贸亦发生了显著的变化,驼铃商队的精美丝绸一变而为药材、皮毛;胡商则为“洋行”所取代。重要的是,由于清季国势凌替,“洋行”在西北各城进行的掠夺性经营,更不能不为当时西北城市城市外贸打上时代的烙印。所以,本文研究的对象,正是我国西北城市外贸的一个特殊的历史发展阶段;一方面它具有当时我国外贸的普遍特征,另一方面它具有西北城市外贸的特殊之处。 Northwest Zhucheng foreign trade, long history. As the main channel for our country to export to the West, the Silk Road reached its peak in the Sui and Tang dynasties and survived to the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, the social and economic development of many cities along the way have been affected by foreign trade in varying degrees. However, the foreign trade economy has been An Important Component of the Social Economy of the Northwest City. In the Qing Dynasty, due to the significant changes in the history of the world and China, significant changes took place in the foreign trade in the cities of northwestern China. The delicate silks of the Camels and Camellia caravans were replaced by medicinal herbs and fur; and Hu Shang was replaced by the “foreign line”. Importantly, the predatory operation of “Western firms” in various cities in the northwest of the country during the Qing dynasty was even more inevitable for the foreign trade in the cities of the northwestern cities of the time. Therefore, the object of this paper is just a special stage of historical development of the foreign trade in Northwest China. On the one hand, it has the general characteristics of China’s foreign trade at the time; on the other hand, it has the special features of foreign trade in Northwest China.