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目的研究首都大学生功能性消化不良(functional dyspepsia,FD)的相关危险因素,为防治这一常见疾病提供新的依据。方法于2006-2007年对北京市在校大学生490764人,采用分层整群随机抽样法,以罗马Ⅲ成人功能性胃肠病诊断调查问卷对FD进行调查和诊断;以自行设计的相关危险因素问卷表调查可能相关的危险因素,内容包括饮食、生活习惯、工作学习方式、过去疾病史、家族疾病史等。采用SPSS15.0统计软件,用χ2检验、t检验、非参数检验、Logistic回归分析等方法在两组间进行相关因素或可能危险因素的分析、比较。结果共发放问卷9800份,收回问卷8608份,合格问卷6959份,问卷回收率87.8%、合格率80.8%,符合样本估算要求。共有110例被诊断为FD(设为FD组),492例无任何症状(设为正常对照组)。经统计学分析显示FD组的身高、体质量、体质量指数均明显低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。②FD组暴饮暴食、挑食、常吃生食、冷饮、烫食、辛辣食品、干硬食品、奶制品、忌口、减肥、饮酒的概率明显多于对照组(P<0.01)。③FD组休闲娱乐的概率和内容、睡眠时间、运动时间、周末休息时间明显少于对照组(P<0.01),喜欢熬夜学习的人数、感觉学习强度和学习压力大的人数明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。④FD组食物过敏史、经常服药史、外伤手术史、痢疾史、胃肠炎史、肝胆胰疾病史、家族类似症状史明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。⑤Logistic回归分析显示FD发生率与经常挑食、运动时间少、吸烟、经常服药、外伤手术史、胃肠炎史、家族类似症状史呈正相关(r分别为1.610、1.250、0.814、2.038、1.671、1.236、3.953),与睡眠时间呈负相关(r=-1.057)。结论经常挑食、运动时间少、吸烟、经常服药、外伤手术史、胃肠炎史、家族类似症状史、睡眠时间少等可能是首都大学生FD的相关危险因素。
Objective To study the related risk factors of functional dyspepsia (FD) in college students in Beijing, and provide a new basis for the prevention and treatment of this common disease. Methods A total of 490,764 undergraduates in Beijing from 2006 to 2007 were surveyed and diagnosed by using stratified cluster random sampling method with Roman Ⅲ adult functional gastrointestinal disease diagnostic questionnaire. Based on the self-designed risk factors Questionnaire survey may be related to risk factors, including diet, lifestyle, work and study, past disease history, history of family history and so on. Using SPSS15.0 statistical software, using χ2 test, t test, nonparametric test, Logistic regression analysis and other methods in the two groups of related factors or possible risk factors analysis and comparison. Results A total of 9,800 questionnaires were sent out, 8,608 questionnaires were returned and 6,959 were qualified. The questionnaire recovery rate was 87.8% and the pass rate was 80.8%, which met the sample estimation requirements. A total of 110 cases were diagnosed with FD (set FD group), 492 patients without any symptoms (set as a normal control group). The statistical analysis showed that the height, weight and body mass index of FD group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01). (2) The incidences of FDG group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.01). The incidences of binge eating, picky eaters, eating raw foods, cold drinks, hot foods, spicy foods, dry and hard foods, dairy products, (3) The probability and content of leisure and entertainment in the FD group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P <0.01), sleep time, exercise time and weekends’ rest time (P <0.01) P <0.05). ④FD group had more history of food allergy, frequent medication history, traumatic surgery history, dysentery history, history of gastroenteritis, history of hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease, and family history of similar symptoms than control group (P <0.05). ⑤Logistic regression analysis showed that the incidence of FD was positively correlated with the frequent etiquette, less exercise time, smoking, regular medication, traumatic surgery history, history of gastroenteritis and family history of similar symptoms (r = 1.610,1.250,0.814,2.038,1.671,1.236 , 3.953), and was negatively correlated with sleep time (r = -1.057). Conclusions Frequent picky eaters, exercise less time, smoking, regular medication, traumatic surgery history, history of gastroenteritis, family history of similar symptoms and less sleep time may be related risk factors of FD in college students.