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根据岩溶区特殊的水文水资源特点,从水质和水量安全的角度选取评价指标,运用熵权和主成分分析法对毕节市水资源安全进行了综合评价。评价结果表明:毕节市水资源安全的驱动因素主要为水资源自身条件、社会、经济发展因素和水环境因素。2004—2013年毕节市水资源安全状况总体相对较好,2008年后水资源安全状况较平稳且略有下降,但仍然维持在较高水平。2011年水资源安全评价指数为0.82,是2008年以来的最低值,这主要是由于水资源总量少(枯水年),而工业耗水量和人均生活用水量较高造成的。
According to the special characteristics of hydrology and water resources in karst areas, the evaluation indexes are selected from the aspects of water quality and quantity safety. The entropy weight and principal component analysis are used to evaluate the water resources safety in Bijie City. The evaluation results show that the driving factors of water resources security in Bijie City are mainly their own conditions, social and economic development factors and water environment factors. The overall water security situation in Bijie City during 2004-2013 was relatively good. After 2008, the water resources security situation was relatively stable and slightly decreased, but it remained at a relatively high level. The water security evaluation index for 2011 was 0.82, the lowest since 2008, mainly due to the small total water resources (dry years) and the high industrial water consumption and per capita domestic water consumption.