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观察川芎嗪(tetramethylpyrazine,TMP)对缺氧缺血性脑损伤(hypoxic-ischemic brain damage,HIBD)大鼠海马星形胶质细胞的影响。将90只7日龄Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、HIBD组、TMP治疗组,各组分别在0h、6h、12h、24h、48h五个时间点取右脑,透射电镜下观察海马CA1区星形胶质细胞超微结构变化,免疫组织化学法检测胶质纤维酸性蛋白(glial fibrillary a-cidic protein,GFAP)表达的变化。结果显示,在电镜下HIBD损伤组星形胶质细胞肿胀,体积增大,核形状不规则,核质比增大,核仁明显,位于近核膜处,细胞器明显减少,线粒体肿胀,嵴紊乱,有缺失,可见粗面内质网池扩张;TMP组星形胶质细胞损伤轻,形态基本正常。HIBD后海马CA1区星形胶质细胞反应明显增强(P<0.01),川芎嗪治疗后可明显减轻星形胶质细胞的反应程度(P<0.01)。以上结果提示川芎嗪可通过减轻HIBD后星形胶质细胞的反应程度发挥保护和修复神经细胞的作用。
The effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on hippocampal astrocytes in rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) were observed. Ninety-seven Wistar rats aged 7 days were randomly divided into sham operation group, HIBD group, and TMP treatment group. The right brain was taken at 0h, 6h, 12h, 24h, and 48h in each group. The hippocampal CA1 was observed under transmission electron microscope. The changes of ultrastructure of astrocytes were detected by immunohistochemistry and the changes of glial fibrillary a-cidic protein (GFAP) expression were detected. The results showed that in the electron microscope, astrocytes in the HIBD injury group swelled, the volume increased, the nuclear shape was irregular, the ratio of nuclear to cytoplasm increased, and the nucleoli was obvious. It was located near the nuclear membrane, the organelles were significantly reduced, the mitochondria were swollen, and the iliac crest was disordered. There is a lack of rough endoplasmic reticulum pool expansion; TMP group astrocyte damage is light, the morphology is basically normal. After HIBD, the astrocyte response in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly increased (P<0.01). Ligustrazine treatment can significantly reduce the astroglial response (P<0.01). These results suggest that ligustrazine can protect and repair nerve cells by reducing the degree of astrocyte response after HIBD.